If a child is under seven years of age and commits a crime, according to Section 82 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, no charges can be brought against them. This means that regardless of the seriousness of the offense, no criminal liability can be imposed on children under this age. The law recognizes that children at this age do not possess the understanding to comprehend the consequences of their actions.

Aged Between 7 and 12

For children aged between seven and twelve who commit a crime, the court first evaluates whether the child had the maturity to understand the consequences of their actions. If the child is deemed to have such understanding, proceedings can be initiated against them under Section 83 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, according to the Juvenile Justice Act.

Above 12 Years of Age

In the eyes of Indian law, children above the age of twelve are considered capable of committing crimes. If a child over twelve years of age commits an offense, they can be prosecuted under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. This act categorizes offenses into three categories - petty, serious, and heinous crimes. The severity of punishment for juvenile offenders depends on the category of offense they have committed.

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